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Table 2: Dominant bee pollinators of alfalfa in Rostov-on-Don region (Russia).

Family

Species

Percent of total bees number on alfalfa fields

Flying period in Nature (months)

Halictidae

Halictus eurygnathus Bluthg.

H.malachurus Kirby

Rhopitoides canus Ev.

8.0

3.2

37.3

V - IX

IV - IX

VI - VIII

Andrenidae

Andrena flavipes Panz.

А.ovatula Kby

Melitturga clavicornis Latr.

18.4

7.4

7.26

IV - IX

IV - VIII

VI - VIII

Melittidae

Melitta leporina Panz.

10.7

VI - VIII

Anthophoridae

Eucera clypeata Erichs

1.98

V - VIII
 

Altogether:

94.24

  

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Table 3: Effectiveness of alfalfa pollination by the main solitary bee species in Rostov-on-Don region (Russia).

Species

Number of

flying days on alfalfa fields

Working time during one day

(hours)

Number of flowers tripped

By one female during:

Number of tripped flowers by one female during the blossom period (thousands)

1 minute

1 hour

1 day

Halictus sp.

22

4.5

7

420

1890

41.58

Rhophitoides canus Ev.

19

4.0

6

360

1440

27.36

Andrena flavipes Panz.

20

5.5

8

480

2640

52.80

A. ovatula Kby.

18

4.5

7

420

1890

34.02

Melitturga clavicornis Latr.

21

5.0

17

1020

5100

107.10

Melitta leporina Panz.

24

5.0

15

900

4500

108.00

Eucera clypeata

16

4.0

12

720

2880

46.08

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Table 4: Potential alfalfa yield, provided by the main pollinators
in the Rostov-on-Don region (Russia).

Species

Number of females to get each 100 kg of seeds per one hectare

Real number of females – result of sampling (ex./hectare)

Mean yield of seeds, provided by this real number of bees (kg/hectare)

Halictus sp.

600

1960

327

Rhophitoides canus Ev.

900

6530

726

Andrena flavipes Panz.

470

3220

685

A. ovatula Kby.

730

1295

177

Melitturga clavicornis Latr.

230

1270

552

Melitta leporina Panz.

230

1875

815

Eucera clypeata

550

350

64

Altogether

-

16500

3346

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